letter sent to congress about salvia

[crusher101]

http://www.cognitiveliberty.org/drug...ia_letter.html A Prominent Salvia Divinorum Researcher Speaks Out: Letter to Congress
RE: Bill H.R. 5607
Dear Honorable Member of Congress:
This letter summarizes the important medicinal properties of Salvia divinorum and its primary active constituent salvinorin A. It also puts forth several objections to bill H.R. 5607, which inappropriately seeks to place this medicinal herb in Schedule I of the Controlled Substances Act.
As a pharmacognosist who has devoted the last ten years to the scientific study of this herb, I believe that I am particularly qualified to speak on this issue. I was the first person to investigate the human pharmacology of salvinorin A and to clearly identify this compound as the psychoactive principle of Salvia divinorum (Siebert, 1994). Most recently, I coauthored a paper published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), in which my research group reported our findings regarding the neurological mechanism of salvinorin A’s action. These findings are of particular significance because they provide solid evidence for the medicinal value of this compound. I am currently working in collaboration with several other scientists on various avenues of scientific investigation into the pharmacology of salvinorin A and closely related compounds. My collaborators include Dr. Bryan Roth (Project Director of the National Institute for Mental Health Psychoactive Drug Screening Program) and Dr. Michael J. Iadarola (Chief of the Neuronal Gene Expression Unit at the Pain and Neurosensory Mechanisms Branch of the National Institute for Health). In addition to my scientific endeavors, I am presently completing work on a comprehensive book about Salvia divinorum.
Medical properties There are approximately one thousand species of Salvia worldwide. Salvia divinorum is just one of the many species that are recognized for their useful medicinal properties. The common name for all salvias is sage. Most people are familiar with the common culinary sage, Salvia officinalis, which in addition to its usefulness as a flavoring agent, is also used for its medicinal properties. The genus name Salvia is derived from the Latin salvare, meaning “to heal” or “to save.” The words salvation and savior also come from this same root.
Salvia divinorum is endemic to the Mazatec Sierra of central Mexico, where it has a long history of medicinal use. It is used both for its psychoactive properties and as an effective treatment for arthritis, headache, and eliminatory complaints. The validity of each of these different applications is well supported by my research group’s recent pharmacological findings.
To summarize our recent findings: Salvinorin A is a uniquely potent and highly selective kappa-opioid receptor agonist, and as such, it has tremendous potential for the development of a wide variety of valuable medications. The most promising of these include safe non-addictive analgesics, antidepressants, short-acting anesthetics that do not depress respiration, and drugs to treat disorders characterized by alterations in perception, including schizophrenia, Alzheimer’s disease, and bipolar disorder (Roth et al., 2002).
Kappa-opioid receptor agonists are of particular interest to pharmacologists because they provide effective pain medications that are not habit forming and do not produce dependence. In fact, there is a growing body of evidence that indicates that kappa-opioid receptor agonists are actually “aversive”—the opposite of addictive. This is an important advantage over most powerful analgesics currently prescribed. My colleagues and I will soon be publishing a paper that reports the results of animal studies that demonstrate the effectiveness of salvinorin A as an analgesic (Chavkin et al., in press). In my book I describe many case reports in which people testify to the effectiveness of this herb for managing pain. The traditional Mazatec use of Salvia divinorum to treat headaches and arthritis also attests to its efficacy as an analgesic.
The ability of salvinorin A to block perception of pain also suggests that it may prove quite useful as a short-acting general anesthetic. The fact that it does not depress respiration is particularly interesting, because it indicates that salvinorin A could be much safer than most general anesthetics currently in use.
Recently Dr. Karl Hanes published a case report in the Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology, in which he describes a patient that obtained relief from chronic depression by using Salvia divinorum (Hanes, 2001). In my book I describe several additional accounts of people who have recovered from serious depression with the help of this herb. It is especially interesting that these people were able to obtain persistent relief from their depression after only a few treatments. Quite unlike the continuous medication regime required with conventional antidepressants such as Prozac—which in most cases only offer symptomatic relief from depression—Salvia divinorum often produces long-lasting clinical improvement.
Because salvinorin A alters various perceptual modalities by acting on kappa-opioid receptors, it is clear that these receptors play a prominent role in the modulation of human perception. This suggests the possibility that novel psychotherapeutic compounds derived from salvinorin A could be useful for treating diseases manifested by perceptual distortions (e.g. schizophrenia, dementia, and bipolar disorders). This is a promising area of research that is important to pursue further.
Salvia divinorum has several properties that make it useful in psychotherapy: it produces a state of profound self-reflection, it improves one’s ability to retrieve childhood memories, and it provides access to areas of the psyche that are ordinarily difficult to reach. I have spoken with several psychotherapists who have used this herb in their practice. They are impressed with its effectiveness as a psychotherapeutic tool. This type of application is not new—the Mazatecs have long used Salvia divinorum to treat psychological complaints.
Salvinorin A is also an important neurochemical probe for studying the dynorphin/kappa-opioid-receptor system. As such, it is useful for research into the neurological mechanisms of perception and awareness. Salvinorin A is remarkable in that it belongs to an entirely different chemical class than any previously identified opioid receptor ligand (it is a diterpenoid). This fact is of great interest to pharmacologists because it opens up a vast new area for future drug development.
No significant abuse potential There are many popular misconceptions about Salvia divinorum. Presumably, bill H.R. 5607 is based on some these. Many of these misconceptions have their origin in a few sensationalistic articles that have appeared in the popular press, and others derive from the absurd advertising claims of unethical herb vendors who deliberately exaggerate the effects of Salvia divinorum in an effort to increase sales.
The fact is that the effects of Salvia divinorum are not appealing to recreational drug users. The majority of people who try it find that they do not enjoy its effects and do not continue using it. People who use it medicinally take it infrequently. It is not euphoric or stimulating. It is not a social drug. Since it increases self-awareness, it is useless as an escapist drug. It is most useful as a medicinal herb.
Salvia divinorum is not addictive or habit forming. Its mechanism of action indicates that it may actually be anti-addictive. Many people have reported that Salvia divinorum actually helped them to overcome substance abuse problems.
Safety Salvia divinorum is non-toxic. Toxicological studies have been performed by Dr. Leander Valdés at the University of Michigan, Jeremy Stewart at the University of Mississippi, Dr. Frank Jaksch of Chromadex Inc., and Wayne Briner of the University of Kansas. Neither Salvia divinorum nor salvinorin A showed toxicity in any of these studies. There is a vast body of empirical evidence that indicates Salvia divinorum is a remarkably safe herb. Indeed, the Mazatecs, who have probably used S. divinorum for hundreds of years, do not attribute any toxic properties to this plant.
Conclusions Salvia divinorum is a relatively obscure medicinal herb with no significant abuse potential. It does not present a risk to public health or safety. Criminalizing it would only serve to create a problem where one did not previously exist. The regulation of herbal medicines such as this is a matter that should be handled by the FDA, not the Controlled Substances Act.
There is no reasonable justification for making Salvia divinorum a controlled substance. Placing it in schedule I would deprive people of a safe and useful medicinal herb, and it would seriously hamper promising medical research. Because of its complex stereochemistry, salvinorin A is virtually impossible to produce synthetically. It is important that its source plant, Salvia divinorum, remain available so that researchers can continue to study this important compound.
Evidently, this bill is based on inaccurate information about Salvia divinorum. Schedule I is intended for substances that have a high potential for abuse, a lack of accepted safety, and no currently accepted medical use. Salvia divinorum does not meet any of these criteria.

Sincerely,
Daniel J. Siebert
References: Siebert, Daniel J. Divine Sage. Work in progress.
Chavkin, Charles, Sumit Sud, Wenzhen Jin, Jeremy Stuart, Daniel J. Siebert, Sean Renock, Karen Baner,Nicole M. White, John Pintar and Bryan L. Roth.. Paper in progress.
Roth, Bryan L., Karen Baner, Richard Westkaemper, Daniel Siebert, Kenner C. Rice, SeAnna Steinberg, Paul Ernsberger, and Richard Rothman. 2002. Salvinorin A: A Potent, Naturally Occurring, Non-Nitrogenous κ-Opioid Selective Agonist. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (PNAS). Vol. 99, Issue 18, 11934-11939.
Hanes, K. R. 2001. Antidepressant Effects of the Herb Salvia divinorum: A Case Report. Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology. 21(6):634-635.
Gruber, John W., Daniel J. Siebert, Ara H. Der Marderosian, and Rick S. Hock. 1999. High Performance Liquid Chromatographic Quantification of Salvinorin A from Tissues of Salvia divinorum Epling & Játiva-M. Phytochemical Analysis. 10(1):22-25.
Siebert, Daniel J. 1994. Salvia divinorum and salvinorin A: new pharmacologic findings. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 43: 53-56.

[Joint]

Holy shit, there's a bill trying to outlaw it? That's nuts. I didn't particularly enjoy smoking it but now I'm thinking maybe I should stock up...

[crusher101]

there are more then just 1 state trying to outlaw it... delaware passed a law already making it schedule I

and there are like 5 more states trying to do the same thing

[scoobydooby67]

could someone please name two ways that salvia is medicinally beneficial?

[crusher101]

k first off it can be used as an anti-depressant. it personally saved me from killing myself

second read this part

Salvinorin A is a uniquely potent and highly selective kappa-opioid receptor agonist, and as such, it has tremendous potential for the development of a wide variety of valuable medications. The most promising of these include safe non-addictive analgesics, antidepressants, short-acting anesthetics that do not depress respiration, and drugs to treat disorders characterized by alterations in perception, including schizophrenia, Alzheimer’s disease, and bipolar disorder (Roth et al., 2002).
Kappa-opioid receptor agonists are of particular interest to pharmacologists because they provide effective pain medications that are not habit forming and do not produce dependence. In fact, there is a growing body of evidence that indicates that kappa-opioid receptor agonists are actually “aversive”—the opposite of addictive

[Nerdlove428]

The other day I caught the tail-end of a news story about the death of a teenager that was supposedly salvia-related. The parents were, of course, convinced that regular salvia use drove their son to commit suicide. While I've only used it once and I'm not too familiar with salvia, I thought this claim was highly dubious. The information they used to back up their story was primarily the parents' belief that their son was "totally happy" and that only salvia could have led to the tragedy. Seems to me that the parents are overlooking the fact that teenagers have secrets and don't just suddenly reveal that they've been feeling depressed.

[crusher101]

it is now believed nerdlove that brett (the suicide in question) had been depressed already. and it wasnt due to the salvia. it was more possible that it was due to his acne medicine and the fact that he had no friends and was a social outcast and his parents were never paying attention to him. of course his parents dont want to place the blame so close to home.

[scoobydooby67]

Originally Posted by crusher101

k first off it can be used as an anti-depressant. it personally saved me from killing myself

second read this part

Salvinorin A is a uniquely potent and highly selective kappa-opioid receptor agonist, and as such, it has tremendous potential for the development of a wide variety of valuable medications. The most promising of these include safe non-addictive analgesics, antidepressants, short-acting anesthetics that do not depress respiration, and drugs to treat disorders characterized by alterations in perception, including schizophrenia, Alzheimer’s disease, and bipolar disorder (Roth et al., 2002).
Kappa-opioid receptor agonists are of particular interest to pharmacologists because they provide effective pain medications that are not habit forming and do not produce dependence. In fact, there is a growing body of evidence that indicates that kappa-opioid receptor agonists are actually “aversive”—the opposite of addictive

wow i totally overead that, thanks for helping me out.

[crusher101]

yep

[Higgy]

Originally Posted by Nerdlove428

The other day I caught the tail-end of a news story about the death of a teenager that was supposedly salvia-related. The parents were, of course, convinced that regular salvia use drove their son to commit suicide. While I've only used it once and I'm not too familiar with salvia, I thought this claim was highly dubious. The information they used to back up their story was primarily the parents' belief that their son was "totally happy" and that only salvia could have led to the tragedy. Seems to me that the parents are overlooking the fact that teenagers have secrets and don't just suddenly reveal that they've been feeling depressed.

This teenager was also on acne medication well known to have severe depression as a side-effect, but of course the media wouldn't look at that tiny little fact...

[calicheese23]

Originally Posted by Higgy

This teenager was also on acne medication well known to have severe depression as a side-effect, but of course the media wouldn't look at that tiny little fact...

There is an acne medicine that does that? What is the brand of the acne medicine that does that? Hopefully I'm not using it haha

[Nuggz]

I've tryed Salvia before and it was pretty nice hopefully they won't make it illegal!

[Tbika]

That guy's website is great. http://www.sagewisdom.org/. Honestly, i've never tried salvia. I almost did once, but i had no idea what it was. That site has everything about it including a guide on the best way to use it. I'm probably gonna try it next weekend or something.

[Russian Roulett]

Originally Posted by Nuggz

I've tryed Salvia before and it was pretty nice hopefully they won't make it illegal!

Hey we are in America, buddy, we outlaw every little harmless plant there is out there. But we make tobacco and booze legal becuase we can tax it. Thumbs up USA W00t

[naughtyneighbor]

Grrr just let them fucking tax weed and let nobody grow it, and I'll be happy