Just remember these are average numbers of life expectancy. Many died very young. From various childhood diseases that today are very treatable. Also a lot of women died in their teens and early twenties from childbirth complications. Not to mention that the men were more often than not out fighting some war or another.
If a man or woman did get lucky enough to live past their 30th-40th birthday back then, they'd have just a slightly less chance of reaching ripe old age than us modern humans. Though they did have a higher risk of succumbing to some (today) treatable disease, they also lived a generally much healthier life. Much more excersize (no cars or machinery), a healthy diet (no high fat/sugar junk-food) and clean fresh produce all around.
Interestingly, the dip in life expectancy in medieval times, was much due to the Catholic church insistence that filth was a godsend. Well, of god at least like everything else, though not soap for some reason. Bathing was a sin. I can't quite imagine how people smelled back then, but the perfume industry made a killing at least
